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Longitudinal Associations of PFAS Exposure with Insulin Sensitivity and β-cell Function among Hispanic Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus History

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posted on 2025-01-28, 16:26 authored by Ni Kang, Wu Chen, Nosa Osazuwa, Chenyu Qiu, Julianne Cook Botelho, Antonia M. Calafat, Dean Jones, Thomas Buchanan, Anny H. Xiang, Zhanghua Chen

Objective

We investigated associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and changes in diabetes indicators from pregnancy to 12 years after delivery among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) history.

Research Design and Methods

Eighty Hispanic women with GDM history were followed from third trimester of pregnancy to 12 years after delivery. Oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests were conducted during follow-up. Plasma PFAS concentrations were measured at third trimester of pregnancy and first postpartum visit. Linear mixed-effects model analyzed associations between PFAS and trajectories of diabetes indicators, adjusted for age, breastfeeding status, total calories, and body fat percentage.

Results

Increased MeFOSAA was associated with faster increase in fasting glucose (p=0.003). Increased PFNA and n-PFOA were associated with faster increase in fasting insulin (=0.04,=0.02) and faster decrease in AIRg (=0.04,=0.02).

Conclusion

PFAS exposure is associated with glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and β-cell dysfunction, increasing type 2 diabetes risk.

Funding

This work is supported by National Institute of Environmental Health Science (R01ES032247), National Institute of Diabetes, Digestives, and Kidney Disease of NIH (R01DK 46374, P30DK17047), the Division of Clinical Research, National Center for Research Resources of NIH (M01 RR 000043), Southern California Environmental Health Sciences Center grant (P30ES007048) funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of NIH (UL1 TR 000130).

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