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Switching to Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec Versus Once-Daily Insulin Glargine U100 in Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled on Daily Basal Insulin: A Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial

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Version 2 2021-04-20, 15:40
Version 1 2021-04-16, 22:14
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posted on 2021-04-19, 00:33 authored by Harpreet S. Bajaj, Richard M. Bergenstal, Andreas Christoffersen, Melanie J. Davies, Amoolya Gowda, Joakim Isendahl, Ildiko Lingvay, Peter A. Senior, Robert J. Silver, Roberto Trevisan, Julio Rosenstock
OBJECTIVE

Insulin icodec (icodec) is a novel once-weekly basal insulin analog. This trial investigated two approaches for switching to icodec versus once-daily insulin glargine U100 (IGlar U100) in people with type 2 diabetes receiving daily basal insulin and ≥1 oral glucose-lowering medication.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This multicenter, open-label, treat-to-target phase 2 trial randomized (1:1:1) eligible basal-insulin-treated (total daily dose 10–50 U) people with type 2 diabetes (HbA1c 7.0–10.0% [53.0–13.3 mmol/mo]) to icodec with an initial 100% loading dose (where only the first dose was doubled; icodec LD), icodec with no loading dose (icodec NLD) or IGlar U100 for 16 weeks. Primary endpoint was percent time in range (TIR; 3.9–10.0 mmol/L [70–180 mg/dL]) during weeks 15 and 16, measured using continuous glucose monitoring. Key secondary endpoints included HbA1c, adverse events (AEs) and hypoglycemia.

RESULTS
Estimated mean TIR during weeks 15 and 16 was 72.9% (icodec LD; n = 54), 66.0% (icodec NLD; n = 50) and 65.0% (IGlar U100; n = 50), with a statistically significant difference favoring icodec LD versus IGlar U100 (7.9%-points, 95% CI 1.8 to 13.9%). Mean HbA1c reduced from 7.9% (62.8 mmol/mol) at baseline to 7.1% ([54.4 mmol/mol] icodec LD) and 7.4% ([57.6 mmol/mol] icodec NLD and IGlar U100); incidences and rates of AEs and hypoglycemic episodes were comparable.

CONCLUSIONS
Switching from daily basal insulin to once-weekly icodec was well tolerated and provided effective glycemic control. Loading dose use when switching to once-weekly icodec significantly increased percent TIR during weeks 15 and 16 versus once-daily IGlar U100, without increasing hypoglycemia risk.

Funding

Novo Nordisk funded the trial and was responsible for trial design and data analysis.

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