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Download fileStructural alterations in deep brain structures in type 1 diabetes
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posted on 2020-08-24, 22:25 authored by Ada AdminAda Admin, Pavel Filip, Antonietta Canna, Amir Moheet, Petr Bednarik, Heidi Grohn, Xiufeng Li, Anjali F. Kumar, Evan Olawsky, Lynn E. Eberly, Elizabeth R. Seaquist, Silvia MangiaEven though
well known in type 2 diabetes, the existence of brain changes in type 1 diabetes
(T1D) and both their neuroanatomical and clinical features are less well characterized.
To fill the void in the current understanding of this disease, we sought to
determine the possible neural correlate in long-duration T1D at several levels
including macrostructural,
microstructural cerebral damage and
blood flow alterations. In this cross-sectional study, we compared a cohort of 61
patients with T1D with an average disease duration of 21 years with 54 well-matched
non-diabetic controls in a multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol
providing macrostructural metrics (cortical thickness and structural volumes),
microstructural measures (T1w/T2w ratio as a marker myelin content,
inflammation and oedema), and cerebral blood flow. T1D patients had higher T1w/T2w
ratios in the right parahippocampal gyrus, the executive part of both putamina,
both thalami and in the cerebellum. These alterations were reflected in lower putaminal
and thalamic volume bilaterally. No cerebral blood flow differences between
groups were found in any of these structures, suggesting non-vascular
aetiologies of these changes. Our findings implicate a marked non-vascular
disruption in T1D of several essential neural nodes engaged in both cognitive
and motor processing.