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Is Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Causally Associated with Cancer Risk? Evidence from a Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Study
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posted on 2020-04-29, 20:57 authored by Ada AdminAda Admin, Shuai Yuan, Siddhartha Kar, Paul Carter, Mathew Vithayathil, Amy M. Mason, Stephen Burgess, Susanna C. LarssonWe
conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomisation study to investigate the causal
associations of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with risk of overall cancer and
22 site-specific cancers. Summary-level
data for cancer
were extracted from the
Breast Cancer Association Consortium and UK Biobank.
Genetic predisposition to T2DM was associated with higher odds of
pancreatic, kidney, uterine and cervical cancer, lower odds of oesophageal
cancer and melanoma, but not associated with 16 other site-specific cancers or
overall cancer. The odds ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.13 (1.04,
1.22), 1.08 (1.00, 1.17), 1.08 (1.01, 1.15), 1.07 (1.01, 1.15), 0.89 (0.81,
0.98), and 0.93 (0.89, 0.97) for pancreatic, kidney, uterine, cervical, and
oesophageal cancer and melanoma, respectively. The association between T2DM and
pancreatic cancer was also observed in a meta-analysis of
this and a previous Mendelian randomisation study (odds ratio 1.08;
1.02, 1.14; p=0.009). There was limited evidence supporting causal
associations between fasting glucose and cancer. Genetically predicted fasting
insulin levels were positively associated with cancers of the uterus, kidney,
pancreas and lung. The present study found causal detrimental effects of T2DM
on several cancers. We suggested to reinforce the cancers screening in T2DM
patients to enable the early detection of cancer.