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Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle Selectively Protects the Heart in Response to Metabolic Stress

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posted on 2021-07-08, 15:46 authored by Dandan Jia, Jun Zhang, Xueling Liu, John-Paul Andersen, Zhenjun Tian, Jia Nie, Yuguang Shi
Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are the leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although insulin resistance is believed to underlie these disorders, anecdotal evidence contradicts this common belief. Accordingly, obese patients with cardiovascular disease have better prognoses relative to leaner patients with the same diagnoses, whereas treatment of T2DM patients with thiazolidines, one of the popular insulin sensitizer drugs, significantly increases the risk of heart failure. Using mice with skeletal muscle-specific ablation of the insulin receptor gene (MIRKO), we addressed this paradox by demonstrating that insulin signaling in skeletal muscles specifically mediated crosstalk with the heart, but not other metabolic tissues, to prevent cardiac dysfunction in response to metabolic stress. Despite severe hyperinsulinemia and aggregating obesity, MIRKO mice were protected from myocardial insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, and metabolic reprogramming in response to diet-induced obesity (DIO). Consequently, the MIRKO mice were also protected from myocardial inflammation, cardiomyopathy, and left ventricle dysfunction. Together, our findings suggest that insulin resistance in skeletal muscle functions as a double-edged sword in metabolic diseases.

Funding

This work was supported in part by funding from the NIH (R01AG055747, Y.S.), American Diabetes Association (#1-18 IBS-329, Y.S.), Barth Syndrome Foundation (Y.S.), an endowment from Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long Distinguished Chair in Metabolic Biology (Y.S.), NIA T32 Training Grant (T32GM108563, J.P.A.), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31671240, Z.T.). Genome Sequencing Facility is supported by NIH-NCI P30 CA054174 (Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio), NIH Shared Instrument grant 1S10OD021805-01 (S10 grant), and CPRIT Core Facility Award (RP160732).

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