Finerenone in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes According to Baseline HbA1c and Insulin Use: An Analysis From the FIDELIO-DKD Study
Research design and methods: Patients with T2D, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) 30–5,000 mg/g, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 25–<75 mL/min/1.73 m2, and treated with optimized renin–angiotensin system blockade were randomized to finerenone or placebo. Efficacy outcomes included kidney (kidney failure, sustained decrease ≥40% in eGFR from baseline, or renal death) and cardiovascular (cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure) composite endpoints. Patients were analyzed by baseline insulin use and by baseline HbA1c <7.5% or ≥7.5%.
Results: Of 5,674 patients, 3,637 (64.1%) received insulin at baseline. Overall, 5,663 patients were included in the analysis for HbA1c; 2,794 (49.3%) had baseline HbA1c <7.5% (58 mmol/mol). Finerenone significantly reduced risk of the kidney composite outcome independent of baseline HbA1c and insulin use (Pinteraction 0.41 and 0.56, respectively). Cardiovascular composite outcome incidence was reduced with finerenone irrespective of baseline HbA1c and insulin use (Pinteraction 0.70 and 0.33, respectively). Although baseline HbA1c did not affect kidney event risk, cardiovascular risk increased with higher HbA1c. UACR reduction was consistent across subgroups. Adverse events were similar between groups regardless of baseline HbA1c level and insulin use; few finerenone-treated patients discontinued treatment due to hyperkalemia.
Conclusion: Finerenone reduces kidney and cardiovascular outcome risk in patients with CKD and T2D and risks appear consistent irrespective of HbA1c levels or insulin use.
