Brief Pictorial Quizzes to Assess Carbohydrate Counting and Nutrition Knowledge in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes

Available assessments of patient nutrition knowledge and carbohydrate counting ability are lengthy. This article reports on a study to implement and validate a series of brief nutrition quizzes of varying difficulty for use in pediatric type 1 diabetes. Among 129 youth with type 1 diabetes, participants completed an average of 2.4 ± 1 of the five quizzes, with a median score of 4.7 of 5. Higher quiz scores were associated with lower A1C (P < 0.001), higher parental education (P = 0.02), and higher income (P = 0.01). Such quizzes can help to identify knowledge gaps and provide opportunities for education, which may improve glycemic outcomes in youth with type 1 diabetes.