Objective: Stress, sleep, eating behavior
and physical activity are associated with weight change and insulin resistance.
The aim of the analysis was the assessment of the overall and sex specific association
of psychobehavioral variables throughout the 3-y PREVIEW intervention using the
Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), BMI, and length of time in the study.
Methods:
Associations of psychobehavioral variables, including stress, mood, eating behavior physical activity (PA),
and sleep with BMI, HOMA-IR and time spent in study were assessed in 2184 participants
with pre-diabetes and overweight/ obesity (n=706 men; n=1478 women) during a 3-year
lifestyle intervention utilizing linear mixed modelling and general linear
modelling.The study was a randomized multicenter trial using a 2x2 diet-by- PA
design.
Results: Overall, cognitive restraint and PA
increased during the intervention compared to baseline, while BMI, HOMA-IR, disinhibition,
hunger and sleepiness decreased (all p<0.05). Cognitive restraint and PA were
negatively, while disinhibition, hunger, stress, total mood-disturbance were
positively associated with both BMI and HOMA-IR. Sleep-duration, low sleep
quality, total mood-disturbance, disinhibition and hunger scores were
positively associated with HOMA-IR for men only. Drop-outs at 6 months had
higher stress and total mood-disturbance scores at baseline and throughout
their time spent in the study compared to study completers.
Conclusion: Eating behavior and PA, control of stress, mood-disturbance and sleep characteristics were associated
with BMI, HOMA-IR and time spent in study with different effects in men and
women during the PREVIEW-lifestyle intervention-study.
Funding
The EU framework programme 7 (FP7/2007-2013) grant agreement # 312057. National Health and Medical Research Council - EU Collaborative Grant, AUS 8, ID 1067711). The Glycemic Index Foundation Australia through royalties to the University of Sydney. The NZ Health Research Council (14/191) and University of Auckland Faculty Research Development Fund. The Cambridge Weight Plan© donated all products for the 8-weeks LED period. The Danish Agriculture & Food Council. The Danish Meat and Research Institute. National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre (NIHR BRC) (UK). Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) (UK). Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) (UK). Nutritics (Dublin) donated all dietary analyses software used by UNOTT. Juho Vainio Foundation (FIN), Academy of Finland (grant numbers: 272376, 335443, 314383, 266286, 314135), Finnish Medical Foundation, Gyllenberg Foundation, Novo Nordisk Foundation (grant numbers NNF20OC0060547, NNF17OC0027232, NNF10OC1013354), Finnish Diabetes Research Foundation, University of Helsinki, Government Research Funds for Helsinki University Hospital (FIN), Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation (FIN), Emil Aaltonen Foundation (FIN). Dutch Organization for Scientific Research (NWO ASPASIA granted to T. Adam (grant no. 015.010.034).
